What is a requirement for an act to be considered under criminal liability?

For an act to be considered under criminal liability, it must be a wrongful act. This concept is fundamental in criminal law, as it distinguishes criminal behavior from merely harmful or negligent actions. A wrongful act typically refers to actions that violate a law or statute, which society deems unacceptable and detrimental to the public order. Criminal liability arises when an individual commits an act that is not only illegal but also includes a subjective element of intent or negligence, depending on the nature of the offense.

While the presence of a victim can be relevant in many cases, it's not a necessary condition for criminal liability, since some crimes can occur without direct impact on an individual (e.g., certain regulatory offenses). Similarly, involving financial loss may pertain to specific types of crimes, such as fraud, but is not a blanket requirement for all criminal acts. Finally, for an act to be criminally liable, the act does not need to be reported to authorities beforehand, as the legal system functions on the principle that the law is applied regardless of whether an offense has come to attention through reporting. Thus, the core requirement is that the act itself is established as a wrongful act within the legal framework.