Which materials are presumed to be asbestos-containing materials?

Asbestos-containing materials (ACMs) are often identified based on their usage and installation dates. Option C highlights materials like asphalt, vinyl floor tiles (VFT), and vinyl sheet flooring (VSF) that were commonly manufactured and installed before the regulations limiting asbestos use were established. Specifically, products installed no later than 1980 are presumed to contain asbestos, given the widespread use of asbestos in construction materials during that era.

This presumption aligns with regulatory guidelines that facilitate identifying and managing potentially hazardous materials. Since many products manufactured prior to 1980 may have asbestos content, it's crucial for safety and compliance that such materials be treated as ACMs until proven otherwise. This proactive approach helps protect health by ensuring that any asbestos risks are adequately addressed in buildings and structures.

In contrast, the other options include materials that are either not typically associated with asbestos or do not have the same presumption based on installation dates. Understanding these nuances is vital for anyone involved in asbestos surveillance and management.