Who prosecutes in a case of criminal liability?

In cases of criminal liability, the prosecution is carried out by the government, specifically through representatives such as a district attorney or a prosecutor. The rationale behind this is that criminal law is designed to protect the public interest and maintain social order. When a crime occurs, it is not just a violation of the rights of an individual victim; it is essentially an offense against society at large. Therefore, the government assumes the role of the prosecutor to symbolize society's interest in seeking justice and punishing wrongdoing.

The government possesses the necessary legal authority and resources to bring criminal cases to trial, and it acts on behalf of the public to uphold laws that are designed to deter crime and promote public safety. This formal process helps ensure that cases are handled consistently and fairly within the framework of established legal standards.

In contrast, private individuals, insurance providers, or regulatory agencies do not have the authority to prosecute criminal cases. Private parties can pursue civil remedies to resolve disputes or seek compensation, but they do not play a role in criminal prosecutions where the focus is on punishment and deterrence rather than compensation.